Cleaning machine



Oct. 12, 1954 J. G. HAYWARD CLEANING MACHINE 4 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Feb. 3, 1949 INVENTUR.

MKM T Oct. l2, 1954 J. G. HAYWARD 2,691,549

CLEANING MACHINE Filed Feb. 3, 1949 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 lllllllllllllllllllllll I l Nllll IHIII'II /V' @Sym IN1/EN TOR.

/y ff .,h JAMESQHAYWARD Oct. 12, 1954 J. G. HAYWARD CLEANING MACHINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Feb. 5, 1949 INVENTOR. JAMES s. HAYWARD BY M AT TOR Y Oct. l2, 1954 J. G. HAYWARD 2,691,549

CLEANING MACHINE Filed Feb. 3, 1949 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 IN V EN TOR.

JAMES aHAYwARD Patented Oct. 12, 1954 UNITED STATES PATENT j OFFICE CLEANING MACHINE James G. Hayward, Havertown, Pa. Application February 3, 1949, Serial No. 74,381

The present invention relates to cleaning devices, and more particularly to a cleaning device including a nozzle adapted to direct a stream of water under high pressure against the object to be cleaned. It relates more particularly to a cleaning device or machine adapted to remove scale, scum or iilm from the interior surfaces of tanks or bunkers in ships or railroad cars adapted to carry fuel oil, molasses or other fluid materials.

An object of the present invention is to provide a cleaning machine which forces a high pressure stream of cleaning iiuid on all sides of the machine itself, without the necessity of rotating or twisting said cleaning device.

An additional object of the present invention is to provide a cleaning device or nozzle which has a self-contained rotating mechanism and which is adapted to direct a stream of cleaning fluid on all sides of said machine.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a cleaning device or nozzle which dispenses a sheet or sheets of cleaning fluid on all sides of said cleaning machine.

The above and other objects will appear more fully from the following description, drawings b and claims.

For the purpose of illustrating the invention, there are shown in the accompanying drawings forms thereof which are at present preferred,

although it is to be understood that the instrumentalities can be variously arranged and organized and that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and organizations of the instrumentalities as herein shown and described.

In the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters indicate like parts.

Figure 1 represents a vertical cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 represents a front elevational View, partly in section, of the embodiment shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 represents a horizontal cross-sectional view generally along lines 3 3 of Figure l.

Figure 4 represents a side elevational view of the embodiment shown in Figure l, with the extreme positions of the movable element shown in dash-dot lines.

Figure 5 represents a cross-sectional view of the body of a sea-going vessel indicating how the embodiment of Figure 1 would be used to clean the interior surfaces of internal compartments of said vessel.

7 Claims. (Cl. 299-141) Figure 6 represents View of the fluid-motor of another of the present invention.

Figure 7 represents a vertical cross-sectional view of the embodiment of Figure 6, generally at right angles to the view shown in Figure 6.

Figure 8 represents a vertical cross-sectional view of a swivel-element adapted for use with the fluid-motor shown in Figures 6 and 7.

Figure 9 represents a vertical cross-sectional View like the view of the swivel-element shown in Figure 8, but with the ball-bearing rotated degrees from Lthe position shown in Figure 8.

embodiment l Figure 10 represents a vertical cross-sectional view of the swivel-element of Figures 8 and 9,

With the ball-bearingomitted therefrom 'for greater clarity, and taken at right anglestotthe views of Figures 8 and 9.

Figure 11 represents a horizontal cross-sectional view generally along lines II-II ofFigure 9.

n Figure 12 represents a vertical cross-sectional view through a modied form of swivel-element,

adapted for use Vwith the duid-motor ofY Figures 6 and 7. .Y

rFigure 13 represents a side-elevational View of the nozzle-element of the present invention, and a support therefor, adapted for use in cleaning tubes or pipes such as boiler-tubes or the like. Figure 14 represents a vertical cross-sectional View generally along lines Ill-I4 of Figure 13.

In the embodiment of the present invention shown inFigures 1-5 inclusive, there is shown a fluid-motor 20, a swivel-element 2| and a nozzle-element 22. These three elements are operatively connected so as to receive a stream of Water,v under pressure, throughan inlet pipe 23, causesaid stream of water to be directed against a paddle Wheel 24 which. transmits an oscillating motion to the nozzle-element 22, and thereafter direct said stream of water in one or more annular streams, generally radially from said nozzle-element 22.

The iluid-motor 20 consists of a housing`25 having a base 26 and a cover-plate 21. The coverplate 2l has a threaded aperture 28 therein, adapted to receive thethreaded end of the inlet pipe 23. A pair of guide-brackets 29 and 30 may be supported within the housing 25, or may be formed as an integralpart of said housing 25.

The bottom 26 of the housing 25 has a threaded aperture therein adapted to receiveay conduit. 3l f of the swivel-element 2i, scribed. 1

An inner chamber 32, dened `by the Wallsy of hereinafter to be dea vertical cross-sectional Faceites the housing and the support-brackets 29 and 30, is adapted to receive therein the paddle wheel 24. This paddle wheel 24 is mounted on a shaft 33 which is supported in bearing-holes 34 and 35. The paddle wheel 24 may be fastened to the shaft 33 by a tapered pin 33-a or by any other means.

One end 35 of the shaft 33 extends beyond the exterior surface of the housing, member 25 and has a shoulder of` reduced diameter adapted to receive a pinion or driving member 31. The pinion 31 may be fastened to the shaft 33 at the reduced portions 3B by a screw 38, or other means.

Near the lower end of housing 25 a boss: or` similar extension 39 is adapted to receive and support a bearing member 4D upon which a gear 4| may rotate. The gear 4| vis-enmeshedlwith1 the pinion 31 so that rotation of the paddle wheel 24 and pinion 31 will cause the gear 4| torotate.

The gear 4| is adapted to receive a pivotable connecting member 421`to2 which is attached: one endof a connecting rodi 431 inf al manner whereby the connecting rod 43 will befreeto pivot inrelationtolthe gear4lf. rIlhisconnection maybe made through a ball-andso`cket joint 44', or by any like means. The otherend of said connecting rod`43is pivotably attached to-thenozzle element 22. When the gear 4:1- is caused to rotate by the paddle wheel 241, afswingingfor pivoting motionis transmitted'to saidnozzlef22.

The lswivel-element' 2| consists generally of a ball 45and'a ballereceivingsocket'41k Theballv451 maybe fastened to the conduit S'If, with a chamber or passage-way 41 therethrough. Thischamber orpassageway- 4-1 ipermitsthe liquid' delivered into thecliamber 32 through the inlet -pipe23to pass from the chamber 32t through the'oonduit' 3| and the ball 45.

The socket member '46'imay= consist ofL a base 43 which is screw-threaddly attached toa capf49 Bearing-rings and 5| are supported in the-capand base 49-1andf MlrespectivelysoV as to provide ai iiuidetig-ht' sealin the swiveleelement- 2|L and yetpermititheball 45: torotate freely within the socket 4B. A pin 52 may pass through thecenter ofthe-ball 45"and`the-socket4 4`G-so as'tb conne themovement of the'socket 46 (andthe nozzle 2-2v attached'to-thefsocketV 46), to-` one plane; rather than` to permitv unlimited freedom of movement forfsaidnozzle'ZZi The base 48` of the swivel-element' 21 maybe perforated, asat 53, so as to permit the" liquid delivered through passageway 41" to pass throughl and from theswivel-el'ement 21.

At the lower end ofthe bal145 the-passageway various elements comprising the nozzl'eemember.

The nozzle-member 22Y is; adapted to dispenseA water away from and` at an l angle with` the threaded tube The'top member or head 59J hasA an` internallyl threadedorifice or aperture 5D? byA which. itmay'be secured upon' the threaded" tube 55, somewhat belowitheflangedlhead' 55. A loci;v nut 52 and a lock washer 632 are used". to: fast-en theupperhead ,securely imposition .uponi the threaded tube 55. The lock washer 61'` mayv have an.y extension E41 terminating; in a; coupling member 55 adapted to receive the lower end of the connecting rod 43. This assembly permits the upper head 59 of the nozzle-member 22 to be adjusted axially along the threaded tube 55, and to be locked securely thereon. Moreover, the lock washer 53 with its coupler member 65 may be adjusted angularly so that the coupler 65 may be in operative position with respect to the connecting rod 43 when the lock nut 62 secures the lock washer 63 and the upper head 5B in position on the tube 55.

The head 59 has a conically-recessed under-surface 5 I. A baffle-plate 66 having upper and lower dished.: surfaces 51 and 53 respectively is secured upon the threaded tube 55 by a threaded aperture B5 and a lock nut 1D. The baffle-plate 56 is spaced a short distance below the lower edge of the upper head 59 so that an annular orifice 1l is deiined between the lower edge of the upper head and the upper edge of the baffle-plate 6E. This provides a chamber 12Iwhich-is1in communication withzthe passageway. 51 through a v numbery off. perforations` 13 in the threaded tube 55. The-cleaning. duid: flowing into the passageway 5.11 mayy thus`v pass` through the apertures 13` into the lchamber 12; thence outwardly through i the annular orificeI 145.

The baile-plate GB" may be somewhatgreater inA diameter than the upper headv 591- so=that1 the outer edge ofE the barile-platettl isbeyond the outer edge of the upper head 59 This construction, inY combination withthe conical surface lili of1 the upper head 58'1andA the dished surface' 61 of the' baffle plate 65 causes -tlievannular stream-of' water toVV be directed outwardly` and. upwardly, at an acute anglew-ith-theaxisof the threaded tube-55.

A lower deector plate 14AV is secured* to the threaded tube 55l beneath the baiiie-pl'ate 6=i This deflector 14 hasan upper-:lished surface 15; and supportedon the tube 55 a` slight distance beneath the baile plate- E5 as by theethreadedopening15-and-a pair of tapered-lock-pins 11- (or similar fastening device-suchas alock-nut or the like). This provides a lower annular oriiice--T` and a lower diiiusion-chamber-159,l similanto'the` upper diffusion chamber 12F' and the upper orilice 11|L heretoforedescribed. A series of perforations K 89 in the threaded tube 55 permit the'cle'aning' fluidw tapass from the passageway'511' into thediffusion chamber 19v and' outwardlyy through the annular rorifice 18. Thelowerdeflection" plate 14'- is smaller in externall diameter than the barile' plate Bisothat the annular stream' of waterwill" beA deiiected downwardly as well as outwardly; atvanf acute-angle tothe vaxis ofthe threadedtube 55 as well-as at an angle tothe rst-mentioned stream of water emanating from the annular' oriceil The nozzleof my invention thus'provi'desfor the dispensing of cleaning fluid at an angle'with the axis of the nozzle andv on all sides of said nozzle. Moreover, I may place one or more perforations, such as'thehole 8 1, inthe terminal: end of the threaded tube 55. This permits a stream', or sheet of water to be dispensed beneath the nozzle 2-2 sothat the surface directly beneath the cleaningmachine may be efectively'cleansed.

It is evident that the relative position ofthe upper head 59, andthebafiie' plate 6'8, and the' deflection plate 14 maybe adjustedl axially along the threaded shaft 55 This aordsa` means-for adjusting thesizeof the annular orifices-11| and '|181 Thus, if.` I desire to-use a. stream ofv2 water` emanating fromA the said orices'at a high veloc ity;.I-.mayadiustlthevarious membersso that the orifice-area is decreased. This alsofwilll permitl the streams of Water to travel a greater distance and therefore clean a container of larger size than if the orifices were somewhat larger. Conversely, I may adjust the various members so that the orices 1| and 18 have a somewhat greater area, thus providing for an increased flow of fluid at somewhat decreased velocity.

As heretofore described, the fluid-motor transmits a rotary motion to the pinion 31 because the incoming stream of water passing through the inlet pipe 23 impinges against the paddle Wheel 24. This rotary motion is transmitted to the gear 4| and to the pivot-member 42, causing the connecting rod 43 to oscillate 'in a more or less vertical direction. This upwardlyand-downwardly oscillating motion is transmitted to the bracket 05 on the lock washer 63 and thus to the nozzle element 22. Inasmuch as the nozzle element 22 is free to pivot about the swivel-element 2|, a swinging or pendulum-like motion is transmitted to the nozzle 22. This operation is shown in Figure 4 wherein the center position of the nozzle is shown in solid lines whereas the extreme left and right positions of the nozzle are shown in the dash-and-dot lines, as at 82 and 83. g

The oscillating motion of the nozzle 22 and the nozzle construction serve to direct the cleaning solution against all the internal surfaces of the compartment or bunker being cleaned. As is shown in Figure 4, by the schematic lines 84, the cleaning fluid will be directed against all the internal surfaces except the small area directly above the cleaning machine itself. However, the

machine is generally lowered through an opening,

such as the port hole 85 in a ship 8B, and it is desirable that the water or cleaning solution does not splash upwardly through the port hole 85.

As is shown in Figures 6 and 7, I may use a fluid-motor wherein a rotary motion is imparted to an internal shaft 90, rather than to an external pinion 31 and gear 4| (as in the embodiment of Figure l). The stream of liquid entering through the inlet pipe 23 may be directed against a paddle wheel 9| which rotates on a horizontal shaft 92. Attached to the paddle-wheel 9| is a worm 93, adapted to engage a gear 94 ailixed to the shaft 90. This worm-and-gear assembly 93 and 94 functions as a speed-reducing agent so as to cause the shaft 90 to rotate at a greatly reduced speed with relation to the rotating paddle wheel 9|. The shaft 92 may be supported in suitable bearings 95 and 96 in the housing 25 while the shaft 90 may be supported at its upper end in a suitable bearing 91, and beneath the gear 94 by a spider-like bearing 98. The rotating vertical shaft 90 as Well as the llow of cleaning fluid may thus pass through the conduit 3|-a, and the internal passage-way 41 to the swivel-element disclosed in Figures 8-11. In Figures 6 and 7, the housing and the conduit 3|-a are shown as integral members, however, these parts may be separate members.

Referring now to Figures 8-11 inclusive, I show a swivel-element (adapted for use with the fluidmotor disclosed in Figures 6 and 7) whereby an oscillating motion may be transmitted to the nozzle-element 22 by means fully-enclosed within the swivel-element.

The conduit 3|-a may terminate in an upper hemispherical shell |00. A retainer |0| is adaptedl to be fastened to the shell |00, as by a number of bolts |02 passing through the llanges |03 and |04 on said retainer and shell members.

A ball-member |05 is adapted to ftwithin the spherical internal surface of the shell |00, pro-y viding a fluid-tight joint between the ball |05 and the shell |00, and yet affording `freedom of movement between these two parts. A pair of bearing pins |06 and |01 may be used to fasten the ball |05 to the shell |00 and permit motion about just one axis. An extension member |08 may depend from the ball |05, terminating in a flange |09 which is adapted to be secured to the flange 56 on the threaded tube 55, heretofore described. The bolts 58 may serve to fasten the flanges 56 and |09 together and to provide a fluid-tight seal between these two parts.

A pair of bearing-blocks I0 andvl are pivotedv within the ball |05. These bearing-blocks support the outer race |2 of a ball-bearing member I3. The inner race I4 of the ball-bearing member ||3 is securely fastened at an angle to the lower end of the rotating shaft 90, as by a hub l l5. The inner race I4 of the ball-bearing member ||3 is securely fastened to and rotates with the shaft 90.

The hub ||5 is designed to support the ballbearing member ||3 at an angle with the axis of the shaft 90, as is more clearly shown in Figure 8. As the shaft rotates, the outer edge ofthe inner racef||4 of the ball-bearing member ||3 travels through an undulating path. This'undulating motion is, in turn, transmitted to the outer race, and particularly to that part of the outer race ||2 which is fastened to the pivoted bearing-blocks ||0 and The bearing-blocks |0 and (which are displaced 90 degrees from the pivot pins |03 and |01) oscllate about these said pivot pins and cause the ball-member |05 to swing about an axis drawn through the center lines of the pivot pins |00 and |01. This pivoting or oscillating motion is thus imparted to the conduit |08, which in turn causes the nozzlemember 22 to swing. y

With reference to Figure` l2, I show a modified form of swivel-element |20 `consisting of a housing |2|, a top `cover |22 and a retaining-ring |23. A 'conduit 3|-b` has a flanged end |20 fastened to the top cover |22. The rotating shaft 90 passes through the conduit 3|-h and supports, at its lower end, an angularly disposed ball-bearing member i3. The outer race of the ballbearing ||3 is disposed in recesses |25 and |26 of a pair of sliding blocks |21 and |20 res-pectively. The blocks |21 and |28 oseillate `within a number of guide-members |29 and |30 when the ball-bearing member H3 is rotated by the shaft 90. The oscillating motion of lthe guide blocks |28 and |21 is imparted to a ball-member |3|, similar in construction to the ball-memberv |05 in Figures 8-ll, A pair of connecting-rods |32 and |33 are pivotally supported in the blocks |21 and |20 and also in the ball-member |3|. The ball-member |3| is supporte-d by, and rotates in, a spherical groove formed partly inthe lower end of the housing member |2| and partly in the retaining ring |23. secured to the housing member i2! and ythe retaining ring |23 by 'a pair of pivot pins similar to the pivot pins |06 and |01 on Figure 10. Thus, when the shaft 90 rotates, an oscillating motion is imparted to the sliding blocks |21 and |20 and to the ball-member |3|, which swings back and forth about an axis concentric with the pivot pins |06 and |01. A conduit |34 having a flange Iat its lower end is a part of, or fastened to, the ball-member |3| so as to provide a support for the nozzle member 22.

Withreference nowvto Figures 13 and 14, there The ball I3! may bel around the body of the nozzle, the peripheral edges of said baille plate extending radially beyond the juxtaposed peripheral edges of said cup-shaped members, and a fluid-inlet in said tubular support in communication with the spaces between the cup-shaped members and the bale plate.

4. A nozzle including a pair of cup-shaped members and a baille plate disposed therebetween, said bale plate and said cup-shaped members spaced from and coaxially disposed with respect to each other, a tubular support for rigidly and adjustably maintaining said cupshaped members and said bafe plate in spaced relation to each other, the spaces between said cup-shaped members and said baille plate being larger at the center than at the outer edges to form peripheral jet-outlets disposed generally radially of the nozzle and extending around the body of the nozzle whereby to permit discharge of a sheet of fluid from each of said peripheral jet-outlets substantially transversely to the axis of said cup-shaped members and said baille plate, and a fluid-inlet in said tubular support in communication with the spaces between the baffle plate and the said cup-shaped members.

5. A nozzle including a tubular support and three nozzle-members secured thereto, two of said members being cup-shaped and one of said members being generally disc-like, said disc-like member and one of said cup-shaped members being movable on said tubular support, the other of said cup-shaped members being affixed relative thereto, said movable members being adjustable independently of said fixed member and of each other to provide a pair of independently adjustable jet-outlets, and radially-extending fluid-ports in said tubular support in communication with the spaces intervening said disc-like member and each of said cup-shaped members.

6. A nozzle including a tubular support and three nozzle-members secured thereto, two of said members beingcup-shaped and one of said members being generally disc-like, said disc-like member and one of said cup-shaped members being movable on said tubular support, the other of said cup-shaped members being aixed relative thereto, said movable members being ad- 19 justable independently of said fixed member and of each other to provide a pair of independently adjustable jet-outlets, and radiallyextending fluid-ports in said tubular support in communication with the spaces intervening said disc-like member and each of said cup-shaped members, said disc-like member being thinner at its center than at its periphery and the periphery of said disc-like member extending radially beyond the juxtaposed edges of each of said cup-shaped members.

7. A nozzle including a tubular support and three nozzle-members secured thereto, two of said members being cup-shaped and one of said members being generally disc-like, said disc-like member and one of said cup-shaped members being movable on said tubular support, the other of said cup-shaped members being aflixed relative thereto, said movable members being adjustable independently of said fixed member and of each other to provide a pair of independently adjustable jet-outlets, and radially-extending fluid-ports in said tubular support in communication with the spaces intervening said disc-like member and each of said cup-shaped members, said disc-like member being thinner at its center than at its periphery and the periphery of said disc-like member extending radially beyond the juxtaposed edges of each of said cup-shaped members, and an orice in the end of said tubular support, the area of said orice being substantially smaller than the combined area of said radially extending fluid-ports.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 396,119 Stebbins Jan. l5, 1889 1,534,979 McGee Apr. 2l, 1925 1,981,948 Darling Nov. 27, 1934 2,085,854 Hathaway June 6, 1937 2,132,314 Needler Oct. 4, 1938 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 537 Great Britain 1915 177,161 Germany Oct. 25, 1906 

